Articles | Volume 12, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-461-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-461-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Apr 2021
Research article |
| 30 Apr 2021
| 30 Apr 2021
The effect of rubber powder additives on mechanical properties of polypropylene glass-fiber-reinforced composite
Abdelaal M. Elhousari
Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Tanta
University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
Maher Rashad
Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Tanta
University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
Ammar H. Elsheikh
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Tanta
University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
Montasser Dewidar
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kafereksheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
Related subject area
Subject: Machining and Manufacturing Processes | Techniques and Approaches: Experiment and Best Practice
Short communication: Part contour error prediction based on LSTM neural network
Drilling performance analysis of impregnated micro bit
Short communication: Experiment study on micro-textured tool with internal cooling
The three-point eccentric magnetorheological polishing technology for hard brittle alumina ceramics
Experimental study of the tribological characteristics of a honed cylinder liner during the running-in process
Research on the smooth velocity control of a driving switching process of a new pneumatic electric hybrid actuator
Influence of geometric attributes on friction coefficient in sheet metal stamping
Industrial robot-based system design of thickness scanning measurement using ultrasonic
Experimental measurement of the cutting forces and wear of the drill in processing X17CrNi16-2 martensitic stainless steel
Research on a UV-assisted chemical modification strategy for monocrystalline silicon
Formation mechanism analysis and experimental investigation of single-step printing customized circuits by liquid-metal direct writing
Interfacial microstructures and properties of hyper-eutectic Al–21Si / hypo-eutectic Al–7.5Si bimetallic material fabricated by liquid–liquid casting route
Investigation of drilling 2D Cf∕C–SiC composites with brazed diamond core drills
Statistical analysis of energy consumption, tool wear and surface roughness in machining of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) under dry, wet and cryogenic conditions
Tool Wear Progression and its Effect on Energy Consumption in Turning of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)
Analysis of Burr Formation in Low Speed Micro-milling of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)
A modified ball screw lapping method and optimized lapping factors for ideal surface quality
A novel non-contact measuring system for the thread profile of a ball screw
Comparative experimental investigation and gap flow simulation in electrical discharge drilling using new electrode geometry
Study on the tool wear of 3-D elliptical vibration cutting
Friction Stir Welding of AA2024-T3 plate – the influence of different pin types
The influence of water jet diameter and bone structural properties on the efficiency of pure water jet drilling in porcine bone
Yun Zhang, Guangshun Liang, Cong Cao, Yun Zhang, and Yan Li
Mech. Sci., 14, 15–18, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-14-15-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-14-15-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A contour error prediction model based on LSTM (long short-term memory) is established. By inputting power, vibration signal, and temperature values, the contour error of parts can be predicted to adjust the feed speed in real time. In this way, we can obtain not only higher machining accuracy, but also higher machining efficiency and reduce the scrap rate. The model is compared with other models, and the optimal model is selected to obtain the optimal prediction effect.
Dongdong Song, Zhangping Ren, Yingxin Yang, Yousheng Chen, Gao Nie, Leichuan Tan, Hao Peng, Zijie Li, Xiaojing Chen, Meng Li, Haitao Ren, and Long Zuo
Mech. Sci., 13, 867–875, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-867-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-867-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper studies the rock breaking efficiency and wear resistance under different rock samples by researching the particle size and concentration of diamond cutting elements, and obtains the influence law of particle size and concentration on rock breaking efficiency and wear resistance under different rock samples. The research results have guiding significance for the design of impregnated diamond in high abrasive and difficult formations.
Gang Yang and Wei Feng
Mech. Sci., 13, 619–623, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-619-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-619-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Under the condition of high temperature, high pressure and severe friction, the micro-texture hole or groove will be filled with chips quickly and lose its function. The texture with a larger aperture is made on the tool rake face, which is connected with the internal cooling hole so as to achieve the functions of cooling, lubricating, reducing friction, changing chip state, reducing cutting force, prolonging tool life and reducing production cost during rough machining.
Cheng Zheng, Bingsan Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Yongchao Xu, and Shangchao Hung
Mech. Sci., 13, 473–483, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-473-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-473-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Due to the high hardness of alumina ceramics, the gap in magnetorheological polishing efficiency is very low. The three-point magnetorheological polishing method is designed, which has a strong magnetic field generator and pressure polishing characteristics. The surface microstructure and surface quality of the polished alumina ceramics under different process parameters were studied, and the optimal process parameters were obtained by analysis.
Jianxiong Kang, Yanjun Lu, Bin Zhao, Cheng Jiang, Pengzhou Li, Hongbo Luo, and Yongfang Zhang
Mech. Sci., 13, 101–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-101-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to improve the antiwear performance of the cylinder liner, friction and wear during the running-in process are investigated. Friction and wear tests are designed under different operating conditions, and the coefficient of friction (COF) and surface profile are measured. The influences of load and runtime on the COF and surface morphology are serious, and proper loading can reduce the running-in time. This research can provide support for theoretical research on cylinder liners.
Jiabin Yang and Xiaoning Li
Mech. Sci., 12, 971–982, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-971-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-971-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The new pneumatic–electric hybrid actuator with pneumatic and electric driving modes has the problem of speed fluctuation in the process of driving switching. This affects the stability in the positioning process. In order to solve this problem, the motion characteristics of piston rod in pneumatic locking are studied. A relay and run strategy is proposed to solve the problem of speed fluctuation.
Dewang Zhao, Kunmin Zhao, Huaihao Song, Daxin Ren, and Ying Chang
Mech. Sci., 12, 945–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-945-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-945-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A universal test-machine-based mechanically driven friction device was designed and manufactured. Friction tests were conducted on a third-generation high-strength steel QP980 with flat and curved dies at different pulling speeds and clamping forces. The formula for calculating the friction coefficients between curved contact surfaces was derived.
Haibo Liu, Baoliang Liu, Meng Lian, Pingping Li, Tianran Liu, Te Li, and Yongqing Wang
Mech. Sci., 12, 479–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-479-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-479-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents an industrial robot-aided ultrasonic thickness measurement system to meet the needs of precise and efficient wall thickness measurement of large thin-walled parts. The hardware platform of the system is established with the designed reliable and contactless ultrasonic device integrated into an industrial robot. It was experimentally proven that the proposed method has a positive significance for improving the accuracy and efficiency of thickness measurement.
Adrian Sorin Rosca, Nicolae Craciunoiu, Ionut Daniel Geonea, and Leonard Ciurezu Gherghe
Mech. Sci., 12, 269–287, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-269-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-269-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the design of a dynamometer, with a one-spoked wheel elastic component, to measure the drilling thrust force and drilling moment. After manufacturing, a calibration operation is conducted, and tests are performed by measuring the drilling forces, thrust, and torque on American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 1020 steel. Tool wear is studied, and the results are presented in the paper. Obtained results demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this measuring instrument.
Yinghui Ren, Kexin Li, Wei Li, Xu Han, and Xiaoman Liu
Mech. Sci., 12, 133–141, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to improve modification effectiveness, a novel UV-assisted chemical modification (UVA-CM) strategy is proposed based on UV photocatalytic theory, which contributes to developing a novel hybrid chemo-mechanical process monocrystalline silicon. A series of comparative experiments was performed to evaluate modification effectiveness among different strategies. The results show that the liquid–solid chemical modification effect is obviously enhanced through UV advanced oxidation reactions.
Yan Pu Chao, Hao Yi, Hui Cen, and Yao Hui Li
Mech. Sci., 12, 143–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-143-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-143-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Liquid-metal direct writing is a cost-effective and green technology, which is very promising for the customized fabrication of flexible circuits and functional devices. The smooth flowing and conveying of liquid-metal ink are still huge challenges that need significant attention. In this paper, the force mechanism of liquid-metal ink transported by ball rotation and translation of the printing head was analyzed. The flexible complex circuit and functional electronic pattern were printed.
Mohamed Ramadan and Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi
Mech. Sci., 11, 371–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-11-371-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-11-371-2020, 2020
Qiong Liu, Guoqin Huang, and Yongchao Xu
Mech. Sci., 11, 349–356, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-11-349-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-11-349-2020, 2020
Muhammad Ali Khan, Syed Husain Imran Jaffery, Mushtaq Khan, Muhammad Younas, Shahid Ikramullah Butt, Riaz Ahmad, and Salman Sagheer Warsi
Mech. Sci., 10, 561–573, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-561-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-561-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The paper provides a comparative study of dry, wet and cryogenic turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Usually, it is recommended that titanium should be machined under lubrication, however, conventional lubricants are considered carcinogenic and health hazards. In this regard, cryogenic cooling using liquid Nitrogen provides an environment friendly option to machine Titanium based alloys.
Muhammad Younas, Syed Husain Imran Jaffery, Mushtaq Khan, Riaz Ahmad, Liaqat Ali, Zarak Khan, and Aftab Khan
Mech. Sci., 10, 373–382, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-373-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-373-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This research work correlates the wear progression and Specific Cutting Energy (SCE) in turning Ti-6Al-4V alloy using H13 tools (uncoated carbide) in dry conditions from low to high cutting speeds. Flank wear growth of the tool has been investigated at different length of cuts in correlation with the SCE under different cutting conditions. The useful tool life was found to be shorter at high-speed machining conditions, as compared to low-speed machining conditions.
Gulfam Ul Rehman, Syed Husain Imran Jaffery, Mushtaq Khan, Liaqat Ali, Ashfaq Khan, and Shahid Ikramullah Butt
Mech. Sci., 9, 231–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-231-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-231-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The research into micro machining of advanced alloys finds its applications in the aerospace, automotive, biomedical and healthcare and other industrial areas. One of the major concern is to produce parts at micro level without further rework, specifically surface finish. In order to achieve this, suitable process parameters and machining strategy needs to be identified for advanced alloy. The research presented here focuses on this aspect of the machining of Titanium Alloy.
Leilei Zhao, Hutian Feng, and Jun Jin
Mech. Sci., 9, 221–230, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-221-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-221-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The aim of this study is finding a modified lapping method to improve the lapping effect, increase efficiency and change the present labor-intensive situation. In this study, a modified lapping tool was designed and it was designed to fit on a specially designed friction torque test machine. In addition, a set of orthogonal experiments were designed to capture the effects of four main lapping factors: friction torque, abrasive particulate size, lapping time and the rotational speed.
Leilei Zhao, Hutian Feng, and Qianfeng Rong
Mech. Sci., 9, 15–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-15-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-15-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
An automatic, non-contact measuring system for the thread profile of a ball screw was developed. It is capable of measuring most common features of the ball screw thread profile and can measure ball screws of different sizes and lengths. The accuracy of the measuring system was verified by comparing the image from the system with the image from the reference instrument and then, different ball screws were compared and evaluated, which was the main purpose of designing such a measuring system.
Ali Tolga Bozdana and Nazar Kais Al-Karkhi
Mech. Sci., 8, 289–298, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-8-289-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-8-289-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigates the effect of electrode geometry on flushing capability and debris removal efficiency in Electrical Discharge Drilling process. Drilling operations on stainless steel 304 were performed using circular and side-cut electrodes. Experimental results were compared with respect to drilling performance as well as dimensional accuracy and surface quality of drilled holes. Three-phase three-dimensional CFD models were also developed to analyze the flow field at interelectrode gap.
Jieqiong Lin, Xian Jing, Mingming Lu, Yan Gu, and Jinguo Han
Mech. Sci., 8, 215–220, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-8-215-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-8-215-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The formation principle of 3-D cutting elliptical trajectory was analysed and a prediction model of tool wear was established in the present work. Besides, a self-developed three-dimensional elliptical vibration device was employed to conduct turning experiment. Compared with the proposed model, the experimental results showed a great agreement with the proposed prediction model. This work may provide a reference for the further optimization of the 3-D elliptical vibration cutting parameters.
D. Trimble, H. Mitrogiannopoulos, G. E. O'Donnell, and S. McFadden
Mech. Sci., 6, 51–55, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-6-51-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-6-51-2015, 2015
S. den Dunnen and G. J. M. Tuijthof
Mech. Sci., 5, 53–58, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-5-53-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-5-53-2014, 2014
Cited articles
Abd Elaziz, M., Shehabeldeen, T. A., Elsheikh, A. H., Zhou, J., Ewees, A. A., and
Al-qaness, M. A. A.: Utilization of Random Vector Functional Link integrated
with Marine Predators Algorithm for tensile behavior prediction of
dissimilar friction stir welded aluminum alloy joints, Journal of Materials
Research and Technology, 9, 11370–11381, 2020.
Abdellah, M. Y., Fathi, H. I., Abdelhaleem, A. M. M., and Dewidar, M.: Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of a Novel Composite of Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene Strengthened by Short Basalt Fiber, Journal of Composites Science, 2, 34, https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs2020034, 2018.
Ayrilmis, N., Jarusombuti, S., Fueangvivat, V., Bauchongkol, P., and White,
R. H.: Coir fiber reinforced polypropylene composite panel for automotive
interior applications, Fiber. Polym., 12, 919, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-011-0919-1, 2011.
Babikir, H. A., Elaziz, M. A., Elsheikh, A. H., Showaib, E. A., Elhadary, M.,
Wu, D., and Liu, Y.: Noise prediction of axial piston pump based on different
valve materials using a modified artificial neural network model, Alexandria
Engineering Journal, 58, 1077–1087, 2019.
Barré, S. and Benzeggagh, M. L.: On the use of acoustic emission to
investigate damage mechanisms in glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene,
Compos. Sci. Technol., 52, 369–376 1994.
Carvalho, G. B., Canevarolo, S. V., and Sousa, J. A.: Influence of interfacial
interactions on the mechanical behavior of hybrid composites of
polypropylene/short glass fibers/hollow glass beads, Polym. Test., 85,
106418, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106418, 2020.
Deng, W., Xu, J., Gao, X. Z., and Zhao, H.: An Enhanced MSIQDE Algorithm With
Novel Multiple Strategies for Global Optimization Problems, IEEE
T. Syst. Man Cyb., 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.2020.3030792, 2020a.
Deng, W., Xu, J., Song, Y., and Zhao, H.: Differential evolution algorithm with
wavelet basis function and optimal mutation strategy for complex
optimization problem, Appl. Soft Comput., 100, 106724, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106724, 2020b.
Dewidar, M., Abdel-Jaber, G., Bakrey, M., and Badry, H.: Effect of Processing Parameters and amount of additives on the Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance of Copper-based Composite, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, 10, 20–26, 2010.
Deng, W., Xu, J., Zhao, H., and Song, Y.: A Novel Gate Resource Allocation
Method Using Improved PSO-Based QEA, IEEE T. Intell.
Transp., 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2020.3025796, 2020c.
El-Kassas, A. M. and Elsheikh, A. H.: A new eco-friendly mechanical technique for
production of rice straw fibers for medium density fiberboards
manufacturing, Int. J. Environ. Sci.
Te., 2020.
El-Said, E. M. S., Abd Elaziz, M., and Elsheikh, A. H.: Machine learning algorithms
for improving the prediction of air injection effect on the thermohydraulic
performance of shell and tube heat exchanger, Appl. Therm. Eng.,
185, 116471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116471, 2021.
Elaziz, M. A., Elsheikh, A. H., and Sharshir, S. W.: Improved prediction of
oscillatory heat transfer coefficient for a thermoacoustic heat exchanger
using modified adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, Int. J.
Refrig., 102, 47–54, 2019.
Elsheikh, A. H. and Abd Elaziz, M.: Review on applications of particle swarm
optimization in solar energy systems, Int. J. Environ.
Sci. Technol., 16, 1159–1170, 2019.
Elsheikh, A. H., Deng, W., and Showaib, E. A.: Improving laser cutting quality of
polymethylmethacrylate sheet: experimental investigation and optimization,
Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9, 1325–1339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.11.059, 2019a.
Elsheikh, A. H., Sharshir, S. W., Abd Elaziz, M., Kabeel, A. E., Guilan, W., and
Haiou, Z.: Modeling of solar energy systems using artificial neural network:
A comprehensive review, Sol. Energy, 180, 622–639, 2019b.
Elsheikh, A. H., Abd Elaziz, M., Babikir, H. A., Wu, D., and Liu, Y.: A new
artificial neural network model integrated with a cat swarm optimization
algorithm for predicting the emitted noise during axial piston pump
operation, IOP Conf. Ser.-Mat. Sci., 973,
012035, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/973/1/012035, 2020a.
Elsheikh, A. H., Shehabeldeen, T. A., Zhou, J., Showaib, E., and Abd Elaziz, M.:
Prediction of laser cutting parameters for polymethylmethacrylate sheets
using random vector functional link network integrated with equilibrium
optimizer, J. Intell. Manuf., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-020-01617-7, 2020b.
Elsheikh, A. H., Yu, J., Sathyamurthy, R., Tawfik, M. M., Shanmugan, S., and Essa,
F. A.: Improving the tribological properties of AISI M50 steel using Sns/Zno
solid lubricants, J. Alloy. Compd., 821, 153494, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.153494, 2020c.
Elsheikh, A. H., Katekar, V. P., Muskens, O. L., Deshmukh, S. S., Elaziz, M. A., and
Dabour, S. M.: Utilization of LSTM neural network for water production
forecasting of a stepped solar still with a corrugated absorber plate,
Process Saf. Environ., 148, 273–282, 2021.
Essa, F. A., Abd Elaziz, M., and Elsheikh, A. H.: An enhanced productivity
prediction model of active solar still using artificial neural network and
Harris Hawks optimizer, Appl. Therm. Eng., 170, 115020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115020, 2020.
Essa, F. A., Elsheikh, A. H., Yu, J., Elkady, O. A., and Saleh, B.: Studies on the
effect of applied load, sliding speed and temperature on the wear behavior
of M50 steel reinforced with Al2O3 and/or graphene nanoparticles, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 12, 283–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.02.082, 2021.
Etcheverry, M. and Barbosa, S. E.: Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene
mechanical properties enhancement by adhesion improvement, Materials, 5,
1084–1113, 2012.
Fadl, A. E., Jingui, Y., Ammar, H. E., and Tawfik, M. M.: A new M50 matrix
composite sintered with a hybrid Sns/Zno nanoscale solid lubricants: an
experimental investigation, Mater. Res. Express, 6, 116523, https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4675, 2019.
Huang, L., Wu, Q., Li, S., Ou, R., and Wang, Q.: Toughness and crystallization
enhancement in wood fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite through
controlling matrix nucleation, J. Mater. Sci., 53,
6542–6551, 2018.
Ismail, H. and Suryadiansyah, S.: Effects of Filler Loading on Properties of
Polypropylene–Natural Rubber–Recycle Rubber Powder (PP–NR–RRP)
Composites, J. Reinf. Plast. Comp., 23, 639–650, 2004.
Kamal, A., Elsheikh, A. H., and Showaib, E.: Pre-Cracking techniques of polymeric
materials: an overview, IOP Conf. Ser.-Mat. Sci., 973, 012028, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/973/1/012028, 2020.
Karmarkar, A., Chauhan, S. S., Modak, J. M., and Chanda, M.: Mechanical properties
of wood–fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: Effect of a novel
compatibilizer with isocyanate functional group, Compos. Part A-Appl. S., 38, 227–233, 2007.
Khoshaim, A. B., Elsheikh, A. H., Moustafa, E. B., Basha, M., and Mosleh, A. O.:
Prediction of Residual Stresses in Turning of Pure Iron using Artificial
Intelligence-based Methods, Journal of Materials Research and
Technology, 11, 2181–2194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.02.042, 2021a.
Khoshaim, A. B., Elsheikh, A. H., Moustafa, E. B., Basha, M., and Showaib, E. A.:
Experimental investigation on laser cutting of PMMA sheets: Effects of
process factors on kerf characteristics, Journal of Materials Research and
Technology, 11, 235–246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.01.012, 2021b.
Lin, J.-H., Huang, C.-L., Liu, C.-F., Chen, C.-K., Lin, Z.-I., and Lou, C.-W.:
Polypropylene/short glass fibers composites: effects of coupling agents on
mechanical properties, thermal behaviors, and morphology, Materials, 8,
8279–8291, 2015.
Liu, Q., Huang, G., and Xu, Y.: Investigation of drilling 2D Cf
Luo, G., Liu, G., Chen, Y., Liang, W., Liu, G., Niu, Y., and Li, G.: High
performance glass fiber reinforced polypropylene realized by reactive
extrusion technology, Compos. Sci. Technol., 165, 198–205, 2018.
Mohan, T. P. and Kanny, K.: Influence of nanoclay on rheological and mechanical
properties of short glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites, J. Reinf. Plast. Comp., 30, 152–160, 2010.
Morfologi, S. and Mekanik, T.: Glass fiber and nanoclay reinforced
polypropylene composites: Morphological, thermal and mechanical properties,
Sains Malaysiana, 42, 537–546, 2013.
Oksman, K., Mathew, A. P., Långström, R., Nyström, B., and Joseph,
K.: The influence of fibre microstructure on fibre breakage and mechanical
properties of natural fibre reinforced polypropylene, Compos. Sci.
Technol., 69, 1847–1853, 2009.
Oliva, D., Elaziz, M. A., Elsheikh, A. H., and Ewees, A. A.: A review on
meta-heuristics methods for estimating parameters of solar cells, J.
Power Sources, 435, 126683, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.05.089, 2019.
Ovcharenko, V. G. and Bashtannik, P. I.: Polypropylene reinforced with aramid and
glass fibers, Mech. Compos. Mater., 32, 77–80, 1996.
Padhi, A. and Sahoo, D.: Mechanical Characterization of Hybrid
Carbon–Glass-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites, in: Advances in Computational Methods in
Manufacturing, edited by: Narayanan, R. G.,
Joshi, S. N., and Dixit, U. S., Springer Singapore, Singapore, 783–792, 2019.
Palza, H., Vergara, R., and Zapata, P.: Composites of polypropylene melt blended
with synthesized silica nanoparticles, Comp. Sci. Technol., 71,
535–540, 2011.
Pasquini, N. and Addeo, A.: Polypropylene handbook, Hanser Publications, Munich, 2005.
Pozzi, P., Taurino, R., Zanasi, T., Andreola, F., Barbieri, L., and Lancellotti,
I.: New polypropylene/glass composites: Effect of glass fibers from cathode
ray tubes on thermal and mechanical properties, Compos. Part A-Appl.
S., 41, 435–440, 2010.
Pustak, A., Denac, M., Leskovac, M., Švab, I., Musil, V., and Šmit, I.:
Structure and morphology of silica-reinforced polypropylene composites
modified with m-EPR copolymers, J. Polym. Res., 23, 37, 2016.
Raghu, N., Kale, A., Chauhan, S., and Aggarwal, P. K.: Rice husk reinforced
polypropylene composites: mechanical, morphological and thermal properties,
Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science, 15, 96–104, 2018.
Rahman, N. A., Hassan, A., Yahya, R., Lafia-Araga, R. A., and Hornsby, P. R.:
Polypropylene/glass fiber/nanoclay hybrid composites: morphological,
thermal, dynamic mechanical and impact behaviors, J. Reinf.
Plast. Comp.,31, 1247–1257, 2012.
Rahman, N. A., Hassan, A., Yahya, R., and Lafia-Araga, R. A.: Impact properties of
glass-fiber/polypropylene composites: The influence of fiber loading,
specimen geometry and test temperature, Fiber. Polym., 14,
1877–1885, 2013.
Rasana, N. and Jayanarayanan, K.: Polypropylene/short glass fiber/nanosilica
hybrid composites: evaluation of morphology, mechanical, thermal, and
transport properties, Polym. Bull., 75, 2587–2605, 2018.
Rasana, N., Jayanarayanan, K., Deeraj, B. D. S., and Joseph, K.: The thermal
degradation and dynamic mechanical properties modeling of MWCNT/glass fiber
multiscale filler reinforced polypropylene composites, Compos. Sci.
Technol., 169, 249–259, 2019.
Rathod, V. T., Kumar, J. S., and Jain, A.: Polymer and ceramic nanocomposites for
aerospace applications, Appl. Nanosci., 7, 519–548, 2017.
Saba, A. I. and Elsheikh, A. H.: Forecasting the prevalence of COVID-19 outbreak
in Egypt using nonlinear autoregressive artificial neural networks, Process
Saf. Environ., 141, 1–8, 2020.
Santulli, C., Brooks, R., Long, A. C., Warrior, N. A., and Rudd, C. D.: Impact
properties of compression moulded commingled E-glass–polypropylene
composites, Plast. Rubber Compos., 31, 270–277, 2002.
Shazed, M. A., Suraya, A. R., Rahmanian, S., and Mohd Salleh, M. A.: Effect of
fibre coating and geometry on the tensile properties of hybrid carbon
nanotube coated carbon fibre reinforced composite, Mater. Design, 54, 660–669, 2014.
Shehabeldeen, T. A., Elaziz, M. A., Elsheikh, A. H., and Zhou, J.: Modeling of
friction stir welding process using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system
integrated with harris hawks optimizer, Journal of Materials Research and
Technology, 8, 5882–5892, 2019.
Shehabeldeen, T. A., Elaziz, M. A., Elsheikh, A. H., Hassan, O. F., Yin, Y., Ji,
X., Shen, X., and Zhou, J.: A Novel Method for Predicting Tensile Strength of
Friction Stir Welded AA6061 Aluminium Alloy Joints Based on Hybrid Random
Vector Functional Link and Henry Gas Solubility Optimization, IEEE Access, 8,
79896–79907, 2020.
Showaib, E. A. and Elsheikh, A. H.: Effect of surface preparation on the strength
of vibration welded butt joint made from PBT composite, Polym. Test., 83,
106319, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106319, 2020.
Shubhra, Q. T., Alam, A., and Quaiyyum, M.: Mechanical properties of
polypropylene composites: A review, J. Thermoplast. Compos., 26, 362–391, 2013.
Song, Y., Wu, D., Deng, W., Gao, X.-Z., Li, T., Zhang, B., and Li, Y.: MPPCEDE:
Multi-population parallel co-evolutionary differential evolution for
parameter optimization, Energy Convers. Manage., 228, 113661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113661, 2021.
Strapasson, R., Amico, S. C., Pereira, M. F. R., and Sydenstricker, T. H. D.: Tensile
and impact behavior of polypropylene/low density polyethylene blends,
Polym. Test., 24, 468–473, 2005.
Wang, Y. and Fu, Z.: Analytical Study of Babbitt/steel Composite Structural Bars in Oblique Contact-impact with a Solid Flat Surface, Mech. Sci., 10, 213–228, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-213-2019, 2019.
Weiss, R. A.: Mechanical properties of polypropylene reinforced with short
graphite fibers, Polym. Composite., 2, 95–101, 1981.
Xu, P., Qu, M., Ning, Y., Jia, T., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Feng, N., and Wu, L.:
High performance and low floating fiber glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene
composites realized by a facile coating method, Advanced Composites and
Hybrid Materials, 2, 234–241, 2019.
Xu, S., Ferraris, A., Airale, A. G., and Carello, M.: Elasto-kinematics design of an innovative composite material suspension system, Mech. Sci., 8, 11–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-8-11-2017, 2017.
Yimit, M., Ni, L., Du, Y., and Bkan, R.: Mechanical and Aging Properties of
Polypropylene and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Composites Under Outdoor and
Indoor Conditions, Strength Mater., 50, 788–799, 2018.
Zayed, M. E., Zhao, J., Elsheikh, A. H., Li, W., and Elaziz, M. A.: Optimal design
parameters and performance optimization of thermodynamically balanced
dish/Stirling concentrated solar power system using multi-objective particle
swarm optimization, Appl. Therm. Eng., 178, 115539, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115539, 2020.
