Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-16-771-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-16-771-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
12 Nov 2025
Review article |
| 12 Nov 2025
| 12 Nov 2025
Review article: Plant-inspired robotics: a comprehensive review based on on-/off-plant behaviours and future perspectives
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Chenting Zhou
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Yutong Wu
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Shuzhi Wang
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Ruihan Liu
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Shunmei Wang
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Yongjing Hu
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Junyi Li
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
Guangbo Hao
School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
Related authors
Haitong Liang, Hailing Fu, and Guangbo Hao
Mech. Sci., 15, 159–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-15-159-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-15-159-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A miniaturized statically balanced compliant mechanism is proposed as a structural solution to effectively lower the working frequencies of vibrational energy harvesters to ultralow levels across a wide bandwidth for practical applications. This mechanism exhibits zero stiffness and zero force within a specific displacement range and stiffness nonlinearity in the overall range. It overcomes the working frequency limit imposed by the size effect, showing great potential application value.
Haitong Liang, Hailing Fu, and Guangbo Hao
Mech. Sci., 15, 159–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-15-159-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ms-15-159-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A miniaturized statically balanced compliant mechanism is proposed as a structural solution to effectively lower the working frequencies of vibrational energy harvesters to ultralow levels across a wide bandwidth for practical applications. This mechanism exhibits zero stiffness and zero force within a specific displacement range and stiffness nonlinearity in the overall range. It overcomes the working frequency limit imposed by the size effect, showing great potential application value.
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Short summary
This review proposes a new framework which categorizes plant-inspired robots into two groups: robots inspired by on- and off-plant behaviors, regarding typical plant life cycle. This expandable framework can theoretically cover all plant-inspired robots. Two long-term conceptual research directions are suggested for plant-inspired robots: 1) natural plant optimization re-inspired by robotics based on synthetic biology and 2) development of exoplanet robots inspired by plant survival strategies.
This review proposes a new framework which categorizes plant-inspired robots into two groups:...
