<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">MS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Mechanical Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">MS</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Mech. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2191-916X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/ms-1-27-2010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Active gesture-changeable underactuated finger for humanoid robot hand based on multiple tendons</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Che</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>22</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>1</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>32</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2010 D. Che</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://ms.copernicus.org/articles/1/27/2010/ms-1-27-2010.html">This article is available from https://ms.copernicus.org/articles/1/27/2010/ms-1-27-2010.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://ms.copernicus.org/articles/1/27/2010/ms-1-27-2010.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://ms.copernicus.org/articles/1/27/2010/ms-1-27-2010.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The concept called gesture-changeable under-actuated (GCUA) function is
utilized to improve the dexterities of traditional under-actuated hands and
reduce the control difficulties of dexterous hands. Based on GCUA function,
a novel mechanical finger by multiple tendons: GCUA-T finger, is designed.
The finger uses tendon mechanisms to achieve GCUA function which includes
traditional underactuated (UA) grasping motion and special pre-bending (PB,
or pre-shaping) motion before UA grasping. Operation principles and force
analyses of the fingers are given, and the effect of GCUA function on the
movements of a hand is discussed. The finger can satisfy the requirements of
grasping and operating with low dependence on control system and low cost on
manufacturing expenses, which develops a new way between
dexterous hand and traditional under-actuated hand.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;i&gt;This paper was presented at the IFToMM/ASME International Workshop on  Underactuated Grasping (UG2010), 19 August 2010, Montréal, Canada.&lt;/i&gt;</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="6"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Birglen, L. and Gosselin, C. M.: On the Force Capability of Underactuated Fingers, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Taipei, Taiwan, September, 1139–1145, 2003. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Birglen, L. and Gosselin, C. M.: Kinetostatic Analysis of Underactuated Fingers, IEEE T. Robotic. Autom., 20(2), 211–221, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Birglen, L. and Gosselin, C. M.: Fuzzy Enhanced Control of an Underactuated Finger Using Tactile and Position Sensors, Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Barcelona, Spain, April, 2320–2325, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Dollar, A. M. and Howe, R. D.: Designing Robust Robotic Graspers for Unstructured Environments, Proceedings of the Robotics: Science and Systems Conference, Workshop on Manipulation for Human Environments, Philadelphia, PA, August 2006. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Dollar, A. M. and Howe, R. D.: The SDM Hand as a Prosthetic Terminal Device: a Feasibility Study, Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, June, 978–983, 2007. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Guo, G., Gruver, W. A., and Qian, X.: A New Design for a Dexterous Robotic Hand Mechanism, IEEE Contr. Syst. Mag., 12(4), 35–38, 1992. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Guo, G., Qian, X., and Gruver, A.: Multi-function Mechanical Hand with Shape Adaptation, US Patent No 5378033, 1993. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Jacobsen, S. C., Iversen, E. K., Knutti, D. F., Johnson, R. T., and Biggers, K. B.: Design of the UTAH/M.I.T. Dextrous Hand, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, San Francisco, USA, April, 1520–1532, 1986. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Kawasaki, H., Komatsu, T., Uchiyama, K., and Kurimoto, T.: Dexterous Anthropomorphic Robot Hand with Distributed Tactile Sensor: Gifu Hand II, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Tokyo, Japan, October, 782–787, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Salisbury, J. K. and Craig, J. J.: Articulated Hands: Force Control and Kinematic Issues, The International Journal of Robotics Research, 1(4), 4–17, 1982. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Tan, L., Xie, S., Lin, I., and Lin, T.: Development of a Multifingered Robotic Hand, Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, Zhuhai/Macau, China, June, 1541–1545, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Zhang, W., Che, D., Chen, Q., and Du, D.: A Dexterous and Self-adaptive Humanoid Robot Hand: Gesture-changeable Under-actuated Hand. The Second Inter Conf on Intelligent Robotics and Applications(ICIRA), 15–19 Dec 2009, Singapore, 515–525, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Zhang, W., Che, D., Liu, H., Ma, X., Chen, Q., Du, D., and Sun, Z.: Super Under-Actuated Multi-Fingered Mechanical Hand with Modular Self-Adaptive Gear-Rack Mechanism, Ind. Robot, 36(3), 255–262, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>